Reproductive health biology notes 📝 For class 12th ; important digrams+ important questions ⁉️

Introduction 

Reproductive health means total well being in all aspects of reproduction - physical, emotional, behavioural, and social.

*A Reproductively healthy society has :
  • Healthy reproductive organs
  • Safe and satisfying reproductive life
  • Proper awareness about health and sex

Reproductive Health - problem and strategies 

Major problems :
  • Population explosion 
  • Lack of sex education 
  • Spread of STIs
  • Unwanted pregnancy 
India start family planning program in (1951) to control population 

Population Explosion 

  • Rapid increase in human population 
  • Due to :
  • Increased death rate 
  • Better medical facilities 
  • Increased birth rate
Effects : 
  • Poverty 
  • Resource depletion 
  • Environmental problems 

Birth control contraception 

Contraception= method to prevent pregnancy 

Types of contraceptive method 

1. Natural method 
  • Periodic abstinence 
  • Withdrawal 
  • Lactational amenorrhea 
2. Barrier Method 
  • Condoms
  • Diaphragm 
  • Prevent sperm entry
3. Oral contraceptive 
  • Pills (estrogen + progesterone 
4. Surgical method 
  • Vasectomy (male )
  • Tubectomy ( female )

Medical termination of pregnancy MTP

  • Intentional termination of pregnancy 
  • Legal in india under in certain conditions 
Safe during early stage (first trimester)

Sexually transmitted infection 

Example:
  • HIV
  • AIDS
  • Gonorrhoea 
  • Syphilis 
  • Hepatitis B
Prevention :
  • Use condoms
  • Avoid multiple partners 
  • Early diagnosis 

Infertility 

Inability to produce childern even after regular intercourse 

Causes :
  • Physical 
  • Hormonal 
  • Psychological 
ART ( Assisted Reproductive Technology)

Method :
  • IVF (Test tube baby)
  • ZIFT
  • GIFT
  • ICSI
IVF = fertilization outside body

Important of Reproductive health 

  • Better awareness
  • Reduce population growth
  • Lower infant mortality
  • Control of STIs

Most Important Topics for Exam 🔥 

  1. Definition of Reproductive health 
  2. Contraceptive method (types+example)
  3. STIs (example + prevention 
  4. MTP (defination + legality)
  5. Infertility (Definition)
  6. ART (IVF imp )
  7. Population Explosion causes

Most Important DIGRAMS pdf



Also check 👉  




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