Important topics from Chapters 1–4 of 2nd PUC (Class 12) Chemistry, tailored to the Karnataka State Board's 2025–26 syllabus:

 

Chapter-Wise Weightage (2025 Blueprint)

These are the marks allocated to chapters 1 through 4, as per the Karnataka Board’s chapter-wise weightage for the 2025 exam:

• Chapter 1: The Solid State
  Note: This chapter has been removed from the 2025–26 syllabus. Getmyuni

• Chapter 2: Solutions — 12 marks GetmyuniCollegeDekho

• Chapter 3: Electrochemistry — 13 marks GetmyuniCollegeDekho

• Chapter 4: Chemical Kinetics — 12 marks GetmyuniCollegeDekho

---

Chapter-by-Chapter Breakdown of Important Topics

Chapter 1: The Solid State

• As confirmed by the official syllabus, this chapter has been deleted from the 2025–26 curriculum and no longer needs preparation. Getmyuni

---

Chapter 2: Solutions (12 marks)

Key focus areas include:

• Types of solutions and expressing solution concentration (molarity, mole fraction, etc.)

• Solubility and vapor pressure of liquid solutions

• Ideal vs non-ideal solutions

• Colligative properties—such as elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure—and determining molar mass from these data

• Abnormal molar masses and their causes (e.g., association and dissociation) Careers360 Schools

---

Chapter 3: Electrochemistry (13 marks)

Essential topics to master:

• Electrochemical cells and galvanic cells (cell notation, electrode potentials)

• Nernst equation and its applications

• Conductance in electrolytic solutions (molar and equivalent conductance)

• Electrolytic cells and principles of electrolysis

• Battery technologies and types (e.g., lead-acid, Li-ion, fuel cells)

• Corrosion: types, mechanisms, and preventive measures Careers360 SchoolsCollegeDekho

---

Chapter 4: Chemical Kinetics (12 marks)

Focus on:

• Defining the rate of a chemical reaction and factors affecting it (temperature, concentration, catalyst)

• Derivation and application of integrated rate equations for zero, first, and second order reactions

• Temperature dependence of reaction rates (Arrhenius equation)

• Collision theory and its mathematical basis Careers360 Schools

---

Summary Table

Chapter	Title	Status / Marks	High-Yield Topics
1	The Solid State	Deleted	—
2	Solutions	12 marks	Concentration, solubility, colligative properties, molar mass determination
3	Electrochemistry	13 marks	Cells, Nernst equation, conductance, batteries, electrolysis, corrosion
4	Chemical Kinetics	12 marks	Reaction rates, integrated rate laws, Arrhenius equation, collision theory

---

Why These Chapters Matter

• Chapters 2–4 together contribute a significant 37 marks out of the theory portion, making them key pillars for your exam preparation.

• Their concepts are deeply interlinked and also relevant for competitive exams like NEET and JEE.

• Understanding these topics thoroughly will strengthen your grasp on both theoretical and practical chemistry.

---

Study Strategy

1. Conceptual Clarity & Derivations

   • Solutions: derivations of colligative property formulas, molar mass calculations.

   • Electrochemistry: Nernst equation derivations and applications.

   • Kinetics: solving integrated rate equations and understanding Arrhenius behavior.

2. Numerical Practice

   • Endurance with calculations—especially in Solutions (molar mass via freezing point depression) and Electrochemistry (cell EMF, conductance, corrosion rates).

3. Theory & Real-World Connections

   • Apply electrochemistry knowledge to understand real-world devices like batteries and understand corrosion control methods.

4. Revision Through Blueprint Patterns

   • Follow Karnataka's model question patterns—practice objective, short answer, numerical, and long answer types. CollegeDekhoAglaSem Schools